What role do vanes play in an impeller?

The primary function of vanes in an impeller is to direct water flow. The design of the vanes is essential for effectively managing how water moves through the pump system. By shaping and positioning the vanes at specific angles, they efficiently guide the fluid into and through the impeller, ensuring a smooth and consistent flow.

This directed flow is crucial for maximizing the efficiency of the pump, as it helps maintain a steady water delivery rate and minimizes losses associated with unwanted turbulence or backflow. While other options relate to aspects of fluid dynamics, the emphasis on directing flow highlights the critical role that the vanes play in managing the pathway of water within the pump's operation. This function is vital for the overall performance and reliability of the pumping system.