What does cavitation in pumping systems refer to?

Cavitation in pumping systems specifically refers to the phenomenon where vapor bubbles form in the liquid being pumped. This occurs when the pressure in the pump drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid, leading to the creation of bubbles. As the pump continues to operate, these vapor bubbles can travel through the pump and eventually collapse, causing significant damage to the impeller and other components of the pump as well as lowering the efficiency of the system.

This understanding is critical for fire apparatus operators, as cavitation can lead to inadequate water supply during operations, which may impede firefighting efforts during crucial moments. Recognizing the signs of cavitation, such as unusual noise or vibrations, can help operators make necessary adjustments to restore proper function and prevent damage to the equipment.