The United States Government authority that establishes the basic requirements for licensing of drivers is the:

The Department of Transportation (DOT) is responsible for establishing many aspects of transportation across the United States, including setting the basic requirements for the licensing of drivers. Under the DOT's umbrella, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration specifically focuses on the safety aspect, which includes regulations and standards that govern the licensing proces. The DOT coordinates with state governments to ensure there are consistent standards for drivers, which is crucial for safety and regulatory compliance across different states.

While other organizations like the Federal Highway Administration may deal with highway infrastructure and the National Transportation Safety Board focuses on transportation safety investigations, they do not have the direct authority for driver licensing. Occupational Safety and Health Administration primarily addresses workplace safety and regulations, which is unrelated to driver licensing. Thus, the Department of Transportation is the correct choice for establishing the basic licensing requirements for drivers.